Oklahoma twister tracked path of 1999 tornado

This combination of Associated Press photos shows left, a neighborhood in Moore, Okla., in ruins on Tuesday, May 4, 1999, after a tornado flattened many houses and buildings in central Oklahoma, and right, flattened houses in Moore on Monday, May 20, 2013. Monday's powerful tornado in suburban Oklahoma City loosely followed the path of a killer twister that slammed the region in May 1999. (AP Photo)

This combination of Associated Press photos shows left, a neighborhood in Moore, Okla., in ruins on Tuesday, May 4, 1999, after a tornado flattened many houses and buildings in central Oklahoma, and right, flattened houses in Moore on Monday, May 20, 2013. Monday's powerful tornado in suburban Oklahoma City loosely followed the path of a killer twister that slammed the region in May 1999. (AP Photo)

FILE - In this Tuesday, May 4, 1999, photo, a neighborhood in Moore, Okla., lays in ruins pm Tuesday, May 4, 1999, after a tornado flattened many houses and buildings in central Oklahoma, Monday, night. The powerful tornado in suburban Oklahoma City Monday, May 20, 2013, loosely followed the path of a killer twister that slammed the region in May 1999. (AP Photo/J. Pat Carter, File)

NEW YORK (AP) ? Monday's powerful tornado in suburban Oklahoma City loosely followed the path of a killer twister that slammed the region in May 1999.

The National Weather Service estimated that the storm that struck Moore, Okla., on Monday had wind speeds of up to 200 mph, and was at least a half-mile wide. The 1999 storm had winds clocked at 300 mph, according to the weather service website, and it destroyed or damaged more than 8,000 homes, killing at least two people.

Kelsey Angle, a weather service meteorologist in Kansas City, Mo., said it's unusual for two such powerful tornadoes to track roughly the same path. The 1999 twister was part of a two-day outbreak sweeping mostly across central Oklahoma ? similar to the past two days.

The weather service has tentatively classified the Moore twister's wind speeds as an EF4 on a 5-point scale. Angle said less than 1 percent of all tornadoes reach EF4 or EF5.

The thunderstorm developed in an area where warm moist air rose into cooler air. Winds in the area caused the storm to rotate, and that rotation promoted the development of a tornado. The most destructive and deadly tornadoes develop from rotating thunderstorms.

The biggest known tornado was nearly 2 1/2 miles wide at its peak width, which the weather service describes as near the maximum size for a tornado. It struck Hallam, Neb., in May 2004.

The deadliest tornado, which struck March 18, 1925, killed 695 people in Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.

Deaths from twisters have been declining in recent years because of improved forecasts and increased awareness by people living in tornado-prone areas, especially in smaller and rural communities.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-05-20-Severe%20Weather-Tornado%20Science/id-0586bfc1eb3041b48447cc558fbc2117

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Coffee Essentials for the Perfect Cup

Equip your countertop with the very best gear, and learn the proper technique for java nirvana.

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Whose Patent Is It Anyway? A New Bill to End Patent Anonymity ...

Representative Ted Deutch (D-FL) introduced a new transparency bill last week called the End Anonymous Patents Act (H.R. 2024, PDF)?the third piece of legislation in the last year to take on the problem of patent trolls.

The bill sets out to solve what Professor Colleen Chien refers to as the "Who Owns What" problem: we currently don't have an effective way of confirming who owns a particular patent, nor do we know what patents a particular person or company owns. A combination of poor record-keeping infrastructure and practices, as well as scheming businesses that transfer patent ownership to shell companies, has resulted in a hazy patent system where the lack of transparency has become a competitive tool. Rep. Deutch's bill provides a welcome fix to a legitimate problem with patent transparency, but repairing one component still leaves us with a broken machine. Real patent reform must be bigger.

The law already requires parties to file notice when a patent's ownership is transferred at the Patent Office, but this bill would put real teeth in these provisions (which are often ignored) by making sure a patentee cannot collect damages if they had failed to meet this requirement. The term "real party in interest" means the person or entity that would benefit from a lawsuit; this bill would require real parties in interest to be disclosed to the Patent Office, including disclosure of "any entity that has the legal right to enforce the patent through an infringement action." For example, the patent troll Intellectual Ventures notoriously hides behind more than?2,000 shell companies. This shell game allows parties who benefit from settlements and licenses to remain secret the whole time, and such companies have the ability to hide until an infringement case passes their way.

Currently, the patent system's structure makes it nearly impossible to know which patent belongs to what company. An excellent study?by Tom Ewing and Robin Feldman called "The Giants Among Us" attempts to map out Intellectual Ventures' thousands of shell companies to great difficulty and incomplete success. This doesn't make any sense. The patent system relies on what's known as the "patent bargain," an exchange of exclusive rights for an invention in exchange for public disclosure about the invention. This stems straight from the Constitution, which gives the government the ability to "promote the progress of science and useful arts" while also securing rights for inventors. Navigating the current patent system in a way that actually promotes progress requires an awareness of the competitive landscape. But right now, knowing who owns what is far from easy.

All of this patent subterfuge?coupled with a system that promotes such schemes?has created a state of play where litigation is favored over competition.

The Patent Office's record-keeping problem is a known one, and there have been multiple solutions put forth to fix it. EFF's Defend Innovation campaign, which includes seven proposals that provide crucial fixes to the patent system, features a separate fix that includes the disclosure of not only patent ownership records but also licenses (barring relevant trade secrets). That being said, Rep. Deutch's End Anonymous Patents bill provides a necessary step towards transparency in the patent system.

With Rep. Deutch's bill, Sen. Schumer's Patent Quality Improvement Act, and Reps. DeFazio's and Chaffetz'?SHIELD Act, there are now?three proposed fixes to the patent troll problem. While we should support these patches with full force, let's take advantage of this renewed interest?in overhauling the patent system to tackle the larger issues that have led to the problems we're seeing today.

Source: https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/05/whose-patent-it-anyway-new-bill-end-patent-anonymity

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Obama to meet with China's Xi in California June 7-8

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - President Barack Obama and Chinese President Xi Jinping will hold their first meeting since Xi became president in March when they sit down for a June 7-8 summit in Rancho Mirage, California, the White House announced on Monday.

The two leaders are likely to discuss ways to apply pressure on North Korea to give up its nuclear weapons program after a period of bellicose rhetoric and threats from Pyongyang.

The United States also has concerns about cyber attacks it says are emanating from China. Washington would also like China to allow its currency to rise against the dollar to improve U.S. trade.

American concerns about tensions in the South China Sea due to conflicting territorial claims are also a possible topic of discussion.

"President Obama and President Xi will hold in-depth discussions on a wide range of bilateral, regional and global issues," the White House said in a statement.

"They will review progress and challenges in U.S.-China relations over the past four years and discuss ways to enhance cooperation, while constructively managing our differences, in the years ahead," it said.

The meeting will be the first between the two leaders since Xi took over as China's president in March.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said China was willing to work with the United States to strengthen dialogue and cooperation in relations, which he said were "at a new historical period".

"Of course, some differences exist between China and the United States, which require proper and active management by both sides," Hong said. "This year, Sino-U.S. relations have got off to a good start and are facing an important opportunity for development."

Hong said the two leaders would have "comprehensive and in-depth discussions" on a range of issues.

The leaders will meet at Sunnylands, a 200-acre (80-hectare) estate on Bob Hope Drive in Rancho Mirage, California. Sunnylands is the former estate of the late philanthropist Walter Annenberg, who frequently hosted President Ronald Reagan there.

The fact that they will devote two days to the talks shows an intent by the two leaders to build a closer relationship. White House National Security Adviser Tom Donilon will travel to Beijing to meet Chinese officials May 26-28 to prepare for the Xi visit.

As part of his trip to the Americas, Xi will also make state visits to Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago and Costa Rica, China's Foreign Ministry said.

(Reporting by Jeff Mason and Steve Holland in Washington; Additional reporting by Adam Jourdan in Shanghai and Sui-Lee Wee in Beijing; Editing by Eric Beech and Robert Birsel)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-meet-chinas-xi-california-june-7-8-091808615.html

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51 die in 2 South Sudan clashes; army retakes town

JUBA, South Sudan (AP) ? Twenty-four people died in a battle between South Sudan's military and rebel fighters the government believes to be supported by neighboring Sudan, while a tribe-on-tribe cattle-raiding attack elsewhere in the country killed 27 people, officials said Monday.

A battle in Jonglei state on Sunday killed 20 rebel fighters and four government troops, said Col. Philip Aguer. Aguer said the army recaptured the town of Boma, near the border with Ethiopia, from rebels led by David Yau Yau who took over the town earlier this month.

South Sudan's military "restored law and order to Boma and chased away the rebels to the hills outside town," he said.

Aguer said government forces found food manufactured in the East African country of Eritrea on the ground, but he said that officials don't have evidence that Eritrea is helping the rebels.

South Sudan accuses Sudan of supporting Yau Yau's rebellion in order to block South Sudan's plans to build an oil pipeline through Jonglei state and Ethiopia. South Sudan must currently export its oil through pipelines owned by Sudan. It plans to build a new pipeline would reduce its dependence upon Sudan.

Sudan has repeatedly denied having any ties to Yau Yau's rebels and has counter-accused the south of supporting rebels in Sudan's South Kordofan and Blue Nile states.

A Swiss based research group, Small Arms Survey, said in a recent report that Sudan supplied weapons and ammunition to the rebels.

In violence elsewhere, cattle raiders suspected to be from Jonglei state killed 27 people in Upper Nile state on Saturday morning, local officials said.

Nasir County Commissioner Dak Tap said the raiders attacked the village at night when people were sleeping.

"The attackers killed 23 people on the spot and stole more than 2,000 cattle. In the morning youth in the affected village pursued the raiders and in the ensuing exchange of fire four more people, including three rebels, were killed," said Tap.

Jonglei state, South Sudan's largest state, has a long history of inter-communal violence mostly related to cattle-raiding. Since South Sudan declared independence from Sudan in 2011, the cattle raids have become more frequent and deadly.

Instability in Jonglei state and South Sudan as a whole is due in part to easy access to weapons. A government disarmament campaign launched in Jonglei last year ended up boosting insecurity and was accompanied by abuses against civilians, according to a United Nations report released last year.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/51-die-2-south-sudan-clashes-army-retakes-130334799.html

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You Can Start Over At Any Age - The Self Improvement Blog

By Tony Fahkry ?

Are you convinced that you can start over at any age, despite your current circumstances? Have you ever wished you could go back to a certain age and start all over? Have you thought, ?Wow, I wish I could go back to 18 and know what I know now. I would do things so different!? I?m sure many of us have and while we can?t physically go back to 18 and start over, you can start over in various ways not matter what your age is.

I?ve heard of businessmen who had a highly successful business, lost it, and then started over and rebuilt another successful business. How? They knew what principles to use and weren?t afraid to start over. They didn?t necessarily perceive their loss to be a failure. They moved forward despite fear, ridicule, anger, regret, etc.

Clean your slate

No matter where you are in life, you can adopt the attitude that you can clean your slate and start over if you?re not happy in an area. Are you not happy with your current career? Why can?t you start over and choose a career that you?d love? The answer is that you can. People go through career changes all the time and the reason they?re successful is because they set their goal, create a plan to achieve that goal, and actually take action.

Many people get caught up in the uncertainty and what ifs and never get farther than the dream of something new. You?re last relationship hit you hard? You wish you could just start over without any bitterness, hurt, or fear? You can. You can make a decision to give yourself a brand new start today.

When you were 18 you probably didn?t have a bunch of goals and plans. You most likely didn?t have a bunch of wisdom either because that tends to come as we age. No matter what you?ve been through, no matter how young or old you are, you can do some things different and start over.

Make a plan

I encourage you to take some time to do a life reality check. Answer some of these questions:

Am I really happy in life?

Do I like my career?

Am I happy in my relationship?

What would I do differently if I could really start over?

Am I really living the life I want?

Am I willing to do what it takes to create a life I love?

Will I continue to let the past, obstacles, fear, shame, etc. to hold me back?

Why can?t I dream new dreams?

Answer these questions and then make a plan for your life from this day forward. Create goals and some sort of plan to achieve those goals. For example, if you?re not happy with your current job, you?ve got to make a decision as to what job you would like and then sit down and write out how you can make it happen. Don?t worry if you don?t know all the details right now, how the money for school will come, or how you?ll be able to fit it all into your schedule. Just do the footwork and begin taking little steps. I think you?ll be surprised at how things start coming together. It?s the faith and action toward your goal that propels you and creates momentum to actually make progress.

Let the past go

It?s important that you bid adieu to the past; the mistakes, the losses, the regret, shame, and so on. All you have is the present and the future. Enjoy your present and look forward to a bright future. Make it what you want it to be. If you need help, by all means ask for help. There are professional Life Coaches that would love to come alongside you and give you some guidance and accountability. You?re certainly worth the investment.

You have my permission to start over no matter what your past has been, no matter what your present looks like, and no matter what age you are. Adopt a ?can do? attitude and watch great things unfold right before your eyes. Go ahead and create a life you love.

Tony Fahkry is an expert in integrating the mind-body connection with health & healing and personal growth to achieve greater human potential.

Discover more Articles and Videos to assist you reach your highest health and well-being potential. Visit http://www.tonyfahkry.com.

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Source: http://theselfimprovementblog.com/self-improvement/featured/you-can-start-over-at-any-age/

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Kepler epitaph? Eight most intriguing finds of troubled telescope.

Kepler, the space telescope designed to help us find other Earth-like planets, is on the fritz. Scientists hope they will be able to fix it remotely, but if they can't, its brief, brilliant career could be over. Since it began operations in 2009, peering continuously at the same field of 145,000 stars in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra, it has found more than 2,700 planet-candidates. Here are eight of its most remarkable discoveries.?

- Mark Sappenfield,?Staff writer

This artist's conception illustrates Kepler-22b, a planet known to comfortably circle in the habitable zone of a sun-like star. (JPL-Caltech/Ames/NASA/File)

1. Kepler-22b: Goldilocks planet

Kepler has made an array of stunning discoveries ? from oddball solar systems to sun-scorched planets that orbit their stars in less than an Earth day. But Kepler-22b was the first discovery that truly validated the mission.

The goal for Kepler has always been to find Earth-mass planets orbiting sun-like stars at Earth-like distances. In other words, to find Earth's cosmic twins. Kepler-22b was perhaps a bit more like a big brother ? it's larger than Earth ? but its discovery was proof that Kepler was on the right track.

Scientists announced the discovery of Kepler-22b in December 2011. It was smack dab in the middle of its star's so-called habitable zone ? the "Goldilocks zone" close enough to allow water to be liquid but far enough to ensure that it didn't burn off. Kepler-22b orbits its sun once every 290 days. Moreover, its sun is the same G-type star as our sun, though slightly smaller and cooler.

The planet itself has a radius 2.4 times larger than Earth. Scientists are not sure about the composition of the planet, but some have suggested it could be a mini-Neptune with a global ocean and a rocky core. If it has an atmosphere, the temperature could be 72 degrees F.

"It's so exciting to imagine the possibilities," Natalie Batalha, the Kepler deputy science chief, told the Associated Press in 2011. Floating on that "world completely covered in water" could be like being on an Earth ocean, and "it's not beyond the realm of possibility that life could exist in such an ocean."

Sign up to receive a selection of Editors Picks of the best stories of the week every Saturday.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/zC4V-ON0r-k/Kepler-epitaph-Eight-most-intriguing-finds-of-troubled-telescope

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Ferguson's managerial career ends with 5-5 draw

Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson gestures to supporters after the English Premier League soccer match away against West Bromwich Albion, his last as manager of Manchester United, at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May. 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson gestures to supporters after the English Premier League soccer match away against West Bromwich Albion, his last as manager of Manchester United, at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May. 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson signs autographs before his last game in charge of his team, their English Premier League soccer match against West Bromwich Albion at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

Manchester United supporters hold up a smoke bomb in front of a poster of manager Sir Alex Ferguson during their manager's last game in charge of the team, their English Premier League soccer match away at West Bromwich Albion at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May. 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson applauds supporters before his last game in charge of his team, their English Premier League soccer match against West Bromwich Albion at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

A Manchester United supporter holds up a sign in reference to the retirement of manager Sir Alex Ferguson and midfielder Paul Scholes after the English Premier League soccer match against West Bromwich Albion at The Hawthorns Stadium, West Bromwich, England, Sunday May 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Jon Super)

WEST BROMWICH, England (AP) ? Alex Ferguson. Former Manchester United manager.

At the end of his 1,500th game in charge of Man United on Sunday, the 71-year-old Scot bowed in front of thousands of applauding fans ? and then bowed out of soccer for good.

The most successful managerial career in British soccer history is over, leaving a void that might not be filled for generations.

And what a thrilling way to bow out at West Bromwich Albion in central England ? the first 5-5 draw in the Premier League on the back of a 13th championship for Ferguson.

John Sivebaek scored 9,675 days ago for the first United goal under Ferguson, and Javier Hernandez scored the last.

"It is not only a loss for the British fans but he has changed football across the world," Hernandez said. "He has been here for 26 years and made the impossible dream come true."

The official retirement party was last week at home when 76,000 fans at Old Trafford saluted Ferguson for delivering the record-extending 20 English league title for United.

Referee Michael Oliver, only 1-year-old when Ferguson took charge of United in 1986, blew the whistle on his glittering career at the Hawthorns. From now on, the defensive fragilities on display Sunday are incoming manager David Moyes' problem.

After the match, the manager went over to bow to the United fans who had backed him as he waited until 1990 to win the first of 38 trophies for the club.

Ferguson, a keen wine aficionado who is planning trips to various vineyards in his retirement, later shared a $140 bottle of 2003 Chateau Pontet Canet Pauillac with West Brom manager Steve Clarke.

"He said it was a good year," Clarke said. "It's great he has gone out as a champion ... anyone who was in the stadium will remember it for years."

As customary as Ferguson's post-match bottle of wine with rivals is his reluctance to attend the media conference.

Sunday was no different.

But he couldn't have been pleased to see his team throw away a 4-2 lead to be pegged back to 5-5. It had seemed like fate that Ferguson would witness his team conjuring another memorable goal in stoppage-time that had characterized his reign.

"I was waiting for some 'Fergie Time,'" United striker Robin van Persie said. "But it didn't happen. It was good fun for everyone, to score 10 goals."

United defender Rio Ferdinand added on Twitter: "What a mad result! Lets be honest the boss was never going out with a boring 0-0!!"

Ferguson signaled he's ready for a quieter life by placidly watching his players rip West Brom apart and then showed none of the usual anger at their capitulation.

But the scorers on this day will be long forgotten ? it was all about the manager in the opposition dugout.

Now a former manager.

A son of a ship-builder from Govan in Scotland and a top player in his native country from 1957-74, Ferguson entered management with East Stirlingshire in 1974. He moved to St. Mirren later that year and was hired by Aberdeen in 1978, making his mark by breaking the dominance of Rangers and Celtic.

After a brief taste of international soccer with Scotland at the 1986 World Cup, Ferguson was lured from Aberdeen to United in November 1986.

Since then he has won 13 Premier League titles, the Champions League twice, five FA Cups, four League Cups, the European Cup Winners' Cup, the UEFA Super Cup, the Club World Cup, the Intercontinental Cup and 10 Community Shields.

Little wonder that even West Brom fans were buying the commemorative scarves being sold by enterprising salesman outside of the stadium.

Ferguson could see them from the team bus as it pulled into the ground. In the stands were affectionate banners, including "Thank you dinosaur."

Before kickoff, West Brom's players formed a guard of honor for the champions and were then joined by the United team to usher Ferguson onto the pitch.

"What the West Brom fans did was a nice touch," Van Persie said, before also referring to the retiring Paul Scholes. "Of course, when you speak about players like Scholesy and managers like Sir Alex, I think it's right to do that (show respect). It doesn't always happen in football but today it did, and I'm glad that it did."

Just like in every one of his previous 1,499 matches, Ferguson featured an academy graduate in his squad ? a hallmark that has helped to deliver such unprecedented success.

One of those, Scholes, came off the bench in the 69th minute to make his 718th and final appearance for the club at which he had spent his entire career.

It was a party atmosphere from the start, with red flares being set off in the United end.

Ferguson, though, was the calmest United representative when Shinji Kagawa headed his side in front after six minutes.

West Brom gifted United another inside three minutes, with Jonas Olsson turning Antonio Valencia's cross-shot past his own goal goalkeeper, and Alexander Buttner grabbed a third in the 31st minute.

Just when United looked like inflicting a humiliating result, James Morrison pulled one back five minutes before halftime.

Substitute Romelu Lukaku reduced the deficit in the 50th before Van Persie canceled it out three minutes later.

Ryan Giggs, who has featured in every one of United's title-winning teams, came off the bench to set up Hernandez to tap into the net to make it 5-2.

A cruising United was too relaxed, and West Brom spoiled the party with goals from Lukaku and Youssouf Mulumbu in the 81st.

It was Lukaku who bundled the ball into the net to complete his hat trick and become the last player to score against a Ferguson team.

When the end came, Ferguson shook hands with Clarke before being ushered by Giggs to thank their visiting fans.

The home fans showed their appreciation, too. They got to witness the end of an era.

___

Rob Harris can be reached at http://twitter.com/RobHarris

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-05-19-SOC-Ferguson's-Farewell/id-a6e24b3a385f47739afb348fb151e245

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Life In The Fast Lane

Set in New York, the playground of the wealthy living a crazy existence. OOC- If you wish to join you must create 2 characters, one of each gender and write at least a paragraph minimum for each post.

Isabelle Marlow

age- 25

Description: A recent law school graduate from Yale, Isabelle has hardly been back to the city since she started college. Most of her friends have moved away and her parents have moved to Chicago, leaving her their Penthouse on Central Park West.
She's returned to the city having been offered a job at Goldman and Banks law firm and is looking to get back into the swing of things in the new york social scene.

Drake Bennetton

age- 24

Description- As a young journalist working at the one of the city's leading newspapers, Drake is living the dream he's had since he started working on his high school paper back in Chicago. Except he's working as a social scene columnist in New York, not his ideal job. He's keen to meet people and make a splash in New York's writing world.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/RolePlayGateway/~3/yqVASJjP-OQ/viewtopic.php

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Activists: Rebel groups kidnap in Syria's Aleppo

BEIRUT (AP) ? Syrian activists say that a wave of tit-for-tat kidnappings between rival Islamic militant groups in the northern city of Aleppo risks sparking large-scale internal fighting between rebels.

Rami Abdul-Rahman, who heads the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said Saturday that a coalition known as the Judicial Council had accused another rebel force, the Ghurabaa al-Sham, of robbing factories in Aleppo's industrial neighborhood.

He said the two groups clashed on Tuesday and the Judicial Council is now holding Ghurabaa al-Sham members captive. The Ghurabaa al-Sham is also holding Judicial Council members.

Aleppo-based activist Mohammed Saeed said Ghurabaa al-Sham withdrew its fighters from several neighborhoods, including the industrial area.

Aleppo is Syria's largest city and is split between rebel and government control.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/activists-rebel-groups-kidnap-syrias-aleppo-102825981.html

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Check This Out Article To Find The Best Interior Decorating ...

Are you currently amongst the look of your home by means of interior design? You are not even close to on your own, and also the subsequent write-up will help you understand design. The subsequent advice is just what you will be planning to go through is proven successful.

One thing everyone ought to keep in mind each time they are designing a room is usually to make or build a mood. Take into consideration that distinct disposition while you are choosing which goods for the room. As an example, if you?re attempting to create a tranquil environment, use hues which can be gentle and comfortable.

Consider using wallpaper to merely 50% in the wall surface. Redecorating wall surfaces could cost quite a bit of cash or else organized appropriately. A great way to save money is to only wallpaper component of your walls. Give your wallpaper a bolder edge and fresh paint the remainder wall structure. This will save you money in your pocket.

Make sure that any work space practical when developing is functional. It is rather important to take into account the lighting and cozy household furniture within an office space.

Get artistic when choosing countertop-shirts for the kitchen area counters. Standard granite is always well-known, but consider utilizing definite, cork or perhaps wood. These special options may be equally affordable and include character for your kitchen area look exclusive.

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Color is a great purchase, as you need to acquire a high quality merchandise to do the job correct.Inexpensive fresh paint will not likely only put on away but may lead to problems for your wall space, needing expensive improvements. Purchase high quality painting logo and add endurance to your layout.

This is possible by guaranteeing object placed on your mantle in the correct way. An inappropriately-stability mantle could be annoying and really feel of a whole place.

In case you have a lot of products, make sure your walls are quite obvious. A lot of people just own far more stuff than the others. When you have tons of valuable items or special items which you don?t want in storing, tend not to add more artwork on the wall space. Whatever else might make your residence appear jumbled.

This a part of a property is generally the most gloomiest and darkest.

In case you have plenty of valuables, utilize a basic style in your wall structure room. Some individuals just very own more items than the others do. Unless you desire to sets your accessories into storing, attempt maintaining the surfaces ordinary. Whatever else could make your own home look chaotic.

Should you be making a room appear more wide open and roomy, use softer and lighter weight colors.This is often specifically helpful when beautifying tiny place or a crowded area. You can make tiny areas truly feel spacious if you select the right colours.

A pedestal bathtub appearance excellent within a pedestal-variety bath tub. Most of these bathtubs are quite beautiful. The tub can also have a hand held bath, or you can simply have a pole that comes from your bathtub. There are lots of options that one could find at home improvement stores.

This lets your child be a part of clearing up and organize. It will also help keep your area nice and clean so that it is a far more enjoyable location to be in.

Extra resources Place mats can make a very good inclusion in virtually any area. However, big area mats should not be found in small areas.

If you wish to place up a sconce, tend not to group your focal point. If holding them near a looking glass, you wish to give it ample place and allow it to inhale and exhale.

One of the most inexpensive and fastest methods to modify up your spaces layout is usually to paint around the surfaces. Wall space typically begin being drab before long and want new painting.

Don?t select a bed furniture that?s too big for your room. A small place by using a California queen mattress is going to be also crowded. Additionally, it limit the amount of usable room which you can use to feature other furnishings.

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Cards lose Garcia as shoulder woes return

Associated Press Sports

updated 5:30 p.m. ET May 18, 2013

ST. LOUIS (AP) - The St. Louis Cardinals have placed left-hander Jaime Garcia on the 15-day disabled list with a left shoulder strain.

General manager John Mozeliak says the team became aware of the issue about a week ago and had hoped Garcia could work through it. He was charged with six runs and six hits over 5 1-3 innings in a 7-6 victory over Milwaukee on Friday, improving to 5-2 while his ERA increased from 2.88 to 3.58.

This is Garcia's fourth trip to the disabled list, including a two-month stint during the 2012 season with a left shoulder sprain.

St. Louis didn't announce who would take Garcia's place in the rotation. The NL Central leaders recalled reliever Mitchell Boggs from Triple-A Memphis on Saturday.

? 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Chooch's hammy a worry for Phils

HBT: Carlos Ruiz was lifted from Sunday afternoon?s game against the Reds after straining his right hamstring while running the bases in the bottom of the second inning.

Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/51928964/ns/sports-baseball/

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G Data TotalSecurity 2014

A full-scale security suite contains all the security components you need: antivirus, antispam, firewall, parental control, and some kind of privacy protection. Then there's what I call a mega-suite?a product that starts with full suite protection and adds more, much more. Backup and system tuneup are typical add-ons. G Data TotalSecurity 2014 is a perfect example, because the security tools it adds are particularly well-designed.

At $49.95 for three licenses, this suite costs just $5 more than the basic G Data InternetSecurity 2014 suite. Its bold, red-themed main window includes the SecurityCenter, Antivirus, Firewall, Parental Control, and Autostart Manager pages found in the basic G Data suite. To these it adds Backup, Tuner, and File safe (encryption). Also present, but not visible in the main window, is an unexpectedly powerful system for controlling use of removable devices.

Antivirus: Better Protection than Cleanup
The antivirus component in this suite is exactly the same as G Data AntiVirus 2014; please read that review for full details. I'll summarize here.

G Data proved quite effective at keeping malware from attacking my clean test system. It wiped out most of my samples on sight and caught a few more when I tried to launch them. It detected 92 percent of the samples and scored 9.2 of 10 possible points. Of products tested with this same malware collection, only Ad-Aware Pro Security 10.5 did better, with 94 percent and 9.2 points. Webroot SecureAnywhere Complete 2013 led the products tested under my previous malware collection, with an impressive 9.9 points.

For full details on how I test an antivirus product's ability to block malware attacks, see How We Test Malware Blocking.

G Data's attempt to clean up existing malware problems rendered two test systems unbootable, requiring arduous manual repair using G Data's Linux-based boot disk. It scored 4.3 points for malware cleanup, the lowest score among products tested with the same samples. With 6.0 points, Kaspersky PURE 3.0 Total Security topped this group. Comodo Internet Security Complete 2013, Norton 360 (2013), and Webroot all earned 6.6 points when tested with my previous collection of malware samples.

The article How We Test Malware Removal explains the methodology of my malare removal test.

The independent labs generally give good ratings to G Data's products. In particular, it earned ADVANCED+ (the top rating) in two tests by AV-Comparatives and ADVANCED in a third. The chart below summarizes recent tests. For background on the labs, see How We Interpret Antivirus Lab Tests

Features Shared with the Antivirus
G Data's antivirus includes a component that blocks access to malware-hosting websites; it also blocks fraudulent (phishing) websites. G Data TotalSecurity shares this component, which didn't perform as well as in past years. Its detection rate was a full 38 percentage points lower than Norton's (Norton being a consistent antiphishing champ), and it lagged 12 percentage points behind the built in SmartScreen Filter in Internet Explorer 8. The article How We Test Antiphishing explains exactly how I obtain very new phishing sites and run this test.

The Autostart manager lets you get working faster by disabling programs from launching at startup or delaying their launch by from one to ten minutes. A similar feature in Norton reports on each startup program's resource usage, but doesn't let you choose delay length.

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Nanotechnology could help fight diabetes

Friday, May 17, 2013

Injectable nanoparticles developed at MIT may someday eliminate the need for patients with Type 1 diabetes to constantly monitor their blood-sugar levels and inject themselves with insulin.

The nanoparticles were designed to sense glucose levels in the body and respond by secreting the appropriate amount of insulin, thereby replacing the function of pancreatic islet cells, which are destroyed in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Ultimately, this type of system could ensure that blood-sugar levels remain balanced and improve patients' quality of life, according to the researchers.

"Insulin really works, but the problem is people don't always get the right amount of it. With this system of extended release, the amount of drug secreted is proportional to the needs of the body," says Daniel Anderson, an associate professor of chemical engineering and member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science.

Anderson is the senior author of a paper describing the new system in a recent issue of the journal ACS Nano. Lead author of the paper is Zhen Gu, a former postdoc in Anderson's lab. The research team also includes Robert Langer, the David H. Koch Institute Professor at MIT, and researchers from the Department of Anesthesiology at Boston Children's Hospital.

Mimicking the pancreas

Currently, people with Type 1 diabetes typically prick their fingers several times a day to draw blood for testing their blood-sugar levels. When levels are high, these patients inject themselves with insulin, which breaks down the excess sugar.

In recent years, many researchers have sought to develop insulin-delivery systems that could act as an "artificial pancreas," automatically detecting glucose levels and secreting insulin. One approach uses hydrogels to measure and react to glucose levels, but those gels are slow to respond or lack mechanical strength, allowing insulin to leak out.

The MIT team set out to create a sturdy, biocompatible system that would respond more quickly to changes in glucose levels and would be easy to administer.

Their system consists of an injectable gel-like structure with a texture similar to toothpaste, says Gu, who is now an assistant professor of biomedical engineering and molecular pharmaceutics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University. The gel contains a mixture of oppositely charged nanoparticles that attract each other, keeping the gel intact and preventing the particles from drifting away once inside the body.

Using a modified polysaccharide known as dextran, the researchers designed the gel to be sensitive to acidity. Each nanoparticle contains spheres of dextran loaded with an enzyme that converts glucose into gluconic acid. Glucose can diffuse freely through the gel, so when sugar levels are high, the enzyme produces large quantities of gluconic acid, making the local environment slightly more acidic.

That acidic environment causes the dextran spheres to disintegrate, releasing insulin. Insulin then performs its normal function, converting the glucose in the bloodstream into glycogen, which is absorbed into the liver for storage.

Long-term control

In tests with mice that have Type 1 diabetes, the researchers found that a single injection of the gel maintained normal blood-sugar levels for an average of 10 days. Because the particles are mostly composed of polysaccharides, they are biocompatible and eventually degrade in the body.

The researchers are now trying to modify the particles so they can respond to changes in glucose levels faster, at the speed of pancreas islet cells. "Islet cells are very smart. They can release insulin very quickly once they sense high sugar levels," Gu says.

Before testing the particles in humans, the researchers plan to further develop the system's delivery properties and to work on optimizing the dosage that would be needed for use in humans.

###

Massachusetts Institute of Technology: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice

Thanks to Massachusetts Institute of Technology for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/128296/Nanotechnology_could_help_fight_diabetes

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NRSC narrowly edges out DSCC in April fundraising (Washington Post)

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7 Egyptian security personnel abducted in Sinai

CAIRO (AP) ? Suspected militants in Egypt's Sinai abducted seven security personnel as they headed to Cairo for holidays early Thursday, security officials said. It was the first such kidnapping of security forces in the lawless peninsula.

The officials said masked gunmen ambushed two taxis at gunpoint outside the city of el-Arish, the capital of North Sinai governorate, fleeing with five policemen and one border guard captive. None of those abducted were in uniform, officials said.

Four of the policemen work in the Rafah border terminal leading to the Gaza Strip, and one was in a riot police unit deployed in Sinai. The border guard was a member of the military. The taxi drivers reported that a seventh member of the security forces was also kidnapped, but authorities said they are still trying to identify him.

Security in the Sinai has deteriorated sharply in the two years since the overthrow of longtime authoritarian ruler Hosni Mubarak, as it has elsewhere across the country. A surge in crime as well as clashes between Islamist backers of President Mohammed Morsi and his opponents have combined with economic woes to feed the sense of insecurity.

A new poll released by the Pew Research Center's Global Attitudes Projects said only 30 percent of Egyptians polled see the country on the right track, compared to 53 percent surveyed in 2012, and 65 percent in 2011.

"Today's level of satisfaction is comparable to the level observed in spring 2010," almost a year before the uprising, the Center's report said.

In the poll, 44 percent of Egyptians surveyed say law and order in the country was getting worse. Conducted in March, the poll describes a divided nation, with 53 percent viewing Islamist President Mohammed Morsi favorably, and only 46 percent expressing confidence that upcoming elections would be fair.

Morsi's opponents are planning rallies Friday in which they demand that he step down and that early presidential elections be held.

The poll surveyed 1,000 Egyptians with a 4.3 percent margin of error.

The abduction in the Sinai is the latest incident to highlight the rise of Islamist militant groups there. Along with Bedouin tribal gangs involved in smuggling and other criminal activity, they have taken advantage of the security vacuum there to step up attacks on police stations, security convoys and other targets.

Security officials say Thursday's kidnapping was carried out by militant groups known to the authorities who are hiding in North Sinai's rugged mountains. Two officials said the kidnapping came after the mother of an imprisoned militant claimed that her son was tortured in detention, causing his eyesight to fail. The imprisoned militant is sentenced to death for attacking a police station in the early days after Mubarak's ouster.

The officials said authorities were sending the family to visit their son in prison again and provide him with necessary medical attention in a bid to defuse anger over his treatment, and secure the safety of the captive security personnel.

They said contact was established with the kidnappers, adding that representatives of the presidency and the military are reaching out to militants and mediators to secure the hostages' release. They spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the new instructions with the media.

Egypt's state news agency MENA reported that negotiations with the kidnappers were underway through mediators, but also didn't elaborate. It reported that Morsi held an emergency meeting with the defense and interior ministers to discuss the kidnapping. In a statement, his office said the presidency was closely following the developments in the case.

The security officials said forces in the Sinai were on high alert, particularly along the border with the Gaza Strip. Movement was restricted for the multinational forces stationed in Sinai since the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel was signed in 1979, the officials added.

Egypt's military has carried out sweeps in the peninsula since a militant attack against its troops that left 16 soldiers killed in August 2012. It was the most brazen militant assault on Egyptian troops in modern history. Still, the attackers have not been apprehended or publicly identified.

The volatile northern Sinai borders Hamas-ruled Gaza as well as Israel. Weapons flowed into the peninsula from Libya to the area, adding to the security challenge.

Complicating the situation is a longtime resentment by local tribes toward the central government, which they accuse of discrimination, neglect, and police brutality. Tribal Bedouins have briefly kidnapped foreigners to use them as bargaining chips with authorities, urging them to release imprisoned relatives. Drugs, immigrants and arms are smuggled through the mountainous terrain.

Morsi had pledged to restore security to the peninsula. Officials from the presidency at one point negotiated with locals to ease off on the crackdown and the pursuit of fugitives. In exchange, locals were to refrain from attacks on authorities or cross-border raids on Israel.

The U.S. has repeatedly discussed the situation in Sinai with Egyptian authorities and offered security and border control advice.

________

Associated Press Writer Ashraf Sweilam contributed to this report from southern Sinai.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/7-egyptian-security-personnel-abducted-sinai-142304724.html

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Alaska volcano shoots ash 15,000 feet into the air

In this photo provided by the Alaskan Volcano Observatory, the Pavlof volcano erupts Thursday, May 16, 2013, as seen from the air from the southwest in Cold Bay, Alaska. (AP Photo/Alaskan Volcano Observatory, Theo Chesley)

In this photo provided by the Alaskan Volcano Observatory, the Pavlof volcano erupts Thursday, May 16, 2013, as seen from the air from the southwest in Cold Bay, Alaska. (AP Photo/Alaskan Volcano Observatory, Theo Chesley)

In this photo provided by the Alaskan Volcano Observatory, the Pavlof volcano erupts Thursday, May 16, 2013, as seen from the air from the southwest in Cold Bay, Alaska. Lava fountaining is visible near the summit, and steam and ash clouds rise from the northwest flank where a lava flow advances down the slope. (AP Photo/Alaskan Volcano Observatory, Rachel Kremer)

ANCHORAGE, Alaska (AP) ? One of Alaska's most restless volcanoes shot an ash cloud 15,000 feet into the air Friday in an ongoing eruption that is visible for miles when the weather allows.

An air traffic controller in the region said small planes have flown around the plumes from Pavlof Volcano. Ash would have to rise tens of thousands of feet to threaten larger planes.

The eruption began Monday, and a photograph shows lava spraying out from the summit of the volcano, located 625 miles southwest of Anchorage. The Alaska Volcano Observatory said clouds of ash, steam and gas have occasionally reached the 20,000-foot level and have been visible from the nearby communities of Cold Bay and Sand Point.

Onsite seismic instruments have detected an increase in the force of tremors from the 8,262-foot volcano.

"It's definitely kicking right along," John Power, the U.S. Geological Survey scientist in charge at the observatory, said Friday.

A mining camp 50 miles northeast of the volcano reported a light ash fall Tuesday evening, according to the observatory.

Residents of Cold Bay, about 40 miles from Pavlof, are concerned the ash could damage their power generators, air traffic controller John Maxwell said Friday. But so far, the wind has blown the ash away from the area, he said.

"Everybody is thinking about it," Maxwell said. "Not that anybody is afraid they're going to be like Mount Vesuvius and turned into little mummies."

Mike Tickle, manager of the local fuel terminal, said his wife woke him up Wednesday night to tell him she saw a splatter of lava spurting from Pavlof. He hustled to get his camera, but by the time he went to have a look, all that remained was a red glow.

"It's been overcast since then," he said.

Typically, Pavlof eruptions are gas-rich fountains of lava that can shoot up to a few thousand feet. But its ash clouds are usually less dense than the plumes of more explosive volcanoes that pose a greater hazard to aircraft, scientists say.

Pavlof is among the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc, with nearly 40 known eruptions, according to the observatory.

The volcano last erupted in 2007. During the 29-day eruption, Pavlof emitted mud flows and erupting lava, as well as ash clouds up to 18,000 feet high, according to Power.

In early May, Cleveland Volcano, on an uninhabited island in the Aleutian Islands, experienced a low-level eruption. Satellite imagery shows the volcano has continued to discharge steam, gas and heat in the past week. New analysis of earlier images showed a small lava flow going over the southeast rim of the summit crater, the observatory said.

There has been no new imagery in recent days because of overcast skies in the area, Power said.

No ash clouds have been detected in more than a week from Cleveland, which is not monitored with seismic instruments.

The volcano is a 5,675-foot peak on a remote island 940 miles southwest of Anchorage. Cleveland's most recent significant eruption began in February 2001 and sent ash clouds up to 39,000 feet above sea level. It also produced a rocky lava flow and hot debris that reached the sea.

___

Follow Rachel D'Oro at https://twitter.com/rdoro .

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/b2f0ca3a594644ee9e50a8ec4ce2d6de/Article_2013-05-17-US-Alaska-Volcano/id-bfa3dd98688d48a4b2521110d56cc0f9

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$10 million bond set in Mother's Day shooting

A photo provided by New Orleans Police Superintendent Ronal Serpas shows 19-year-old Akien Scott who is wanted in the Mother's Day shootings. Scott was arrested in the Little Woods section of eastern New Orleans, Wednesday night May 15, 2013 police department spokeswoman Remi Braden said. (AP Photo/Bill Haber)

A photo provided by New Orleans Police Superintendent Ronal Serpas shows 19-year-old Akien Scott who is wanted in the Mother's Day shootings. Scott was arrested in the Little Woods section of eastern New Orleans, Wednesday night May 15, 2013 police department spokeswoman Remi Braden said. (AP Photo/Bill Haber)

A photo provided by New Orleans Police Superintendent Ronal Serpas shows 19-year-old Akien Scott who is wanted in the Mother's Day shootings. Scott was arrested in the Little Woods section of eastern New Orleans, Wednesday night May 15, 2013 police department spokeswoman Remi Braden said. (AP Photo/Bill Haber)

NEW ORLEANS (AP) ? As the official tally of those wounded in a Mother's Day parade shooting ticked up to 20 on Thursday, the suspect made his first court appearance in the case, remaining silent as a judge set his bond at $10 million.

Prosecutors said a witness picked out a photo of Akein Scott, 19, from a lineup. An arrest affidavit said the unidentified witness told investigators that Scott was the person seen in a surveillance video that police released to the public as they searched for him for three days. The witness also said Scott was carrying a silver and black semi-automatic handgun at the shooting scene, according to the affidavit.

Scott, shackled and wearing an orange prison jumpsuit, stood by as his court-appointed attorney handled the proceedings.

Magistrate Judge Gerard Hansen set Scott's bond at $10 million ? $500,000 on each of the 20 counts in the Mother's Day shooting case. Authorities earlier said 19 were wounded, but prosecutors told Hansen the number had increased.

Scott was arrested Wednesday night in the Little Woods section of New Orleans. He already faced gun and drug possession charges and was out on bond at the time of Sunday's shooting at a parade through a neighborhood near the French Quarter.

At a later appearance Thursday morning, a state District Court judge ordered Scott held without bond pending additional hearings in that case. He faces a felony charge of illegally carrying a weapon while in possession of a controlled dangerous substance.

In the neighborhood where the gunfire shattered the festive parade known as a second line, residents awoke Thursday to the news that the manhunt apparently had ended. Police had been searching for Scott since identifying him as a suspect Monday from the surveillance video.

Courtney Moles, whose apartment overlooks the shooting site, said she didn't feel her safety was in jeopardy while police searched the city.

"I didn't really think he would come back. It's more personal than that," she said. "He wasn't going to that second line to make national news. He was probably settling some kind of score."

Moles, 24, said the arrest underscores the city's crisis of violence among its young people. "His life is over now, too," she said of Scott.

Police have not established a motive and haven't said whether they know the identity of the shooter's target. Officials initially said three people were spotted running away from the shooting scene, but Scott has been the only suspect identified publicly.

Investigators launched an intense search for Scott, with police Superintendent Ronal Serpas urging him to surrender at a news conference Monday and warning the teen that "we know more about you than you think we know." At one point, SWAT team members and U.S. marshals served a search warrant at one location but did not find Scott.

Police offered a $10,000 reward in the case, and investigators received several tips after images from the surveillance camera were released.

The video released Monday showed a crowd gathered for the parade suddenly scattering in all directions, with some falling to the ground. They appear to be running from a man in a white T-shirt and dark pants who turns and runs out of the picture.

As many as 400 people had come out for the event. Officers were interspersed with the marchers, which is routine for such events. The crime scene was about less than two miles from the heart of the city's French Quarter.

Two children were among those wounded.

The mass shooting showed again how far the city has to go to shake a persistent culture of violence that belies New Orleans' festive image.

Gun violence has flared at two other city celebrations this year. Five people were wounded in a drive-by shooting in January after a Martin Luther King Jr. Day parade, and four were wounded in a shooting after an argument in the French Quarter in the days leading up to Mardi Gras. Two teens were arrested in connection with the MLK Day shootings; three men were arrested and charged in the Mardi Gras shootings.

__

Associated Press writer Michael Kunzelman contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-05-16-Mother's%20Day%20Parade%20Shooting/id-b87c866d8d78493d98a7e18c9b65b692

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'Teaching History in the Digital Age' ? Call for a New Breed of ...

By Lynn Zimmerman
Associate Editor
Editor, Teacher Education

As a teacher educator, I am concerned that I am training my students how to teach yesterday?s students rather than tomorrow?s. Therefore, I was interested in seeing what T. Mills Kelly had to say, in Teaching History in the Digital Age (2013), about best practice for today?s and tomorrow?s students. As it happens, I also recently read?The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, by Nicholas Carr, which is going to be my university?s One Book next year. Carr focuses on how the Internet has shaped how we think and view the world. Carr points out that, according to recent brain research, how we access and store information alters the physical properties of the brain. He contends that the practice of getting small amounts of information from a variety of sources may help us be more efficient information gatherers but at the cost of the ability to concentrate and reflect on what we are gathering.

Carr?s argument seems to parallel and support Kelly?s ideas in several ways.?Traditionally, history teaching has relied on imparting knowledge and analysis, usually in the form of lectures, which research has shown is not the most effective approach. Perhaps partly because of this method of teaching, history is often seen by students as the acquisition of facts and not as a process of gathering and analyzing data. Also, Kelly says that the notion of perspective is often ignored, e.g., what is included, what is left out, why it is included or left out.

Kelly contends that the digital age offers historians the opportunity to help their students become historians, analysts, not just fact collectors. Not only do more students go to online sources rather than print, but today?s students are used to creating on the Internet ? not just consuming. Kelly asserts that educators need to take advantage of this tendency in order to create learning opportunities that promote active engagement and not just passive acquisition through lectures and reading. He?does?caution that instructors must teach students that their role is not to remix or remake history. They should not give in to their desire to change primary sources so that they are ?better,? a tendency that Web 2.0 savvy students may have. However, this type of engagement with history gives the instructor and students opportunities to examine the ethics of a variety of issues that can come up in projects, from plagiarism to the manipulation of information to support one?s point.?

Digital literacy is also an issue: What is good info? What are reliable sources? The Internet has made available an abundance of primary source material. However, just because a site is popular or comes up in the first few hits on Google does not mean it is a reliable source. Students must learn to work with a variety of sources and to be critical users of these sources. According to Kelly, historians have to teach students how to use information and Web 2.0 resources to prevent projects from becoming mere collections of facts.?Digital literacy includes learning to use various tools to locate information in time and space, and can provide different perspectives for analyzing the material. Kelly suggests that even sources such as comments on Flickr and Wikipedia can be useful if used appropriately. He?offers some simple exercises that instructors can use with?students to demonstrate how Wikipedia entries evolve, how Google customizes hits for the user, and how to use reference management packages.

Kelly points out that historians not only study history but they also present what they have learned in various formats, especially essays. Instructors of history know that the process of writing, of making the abstract concrete, helps writers examine and analyze in ways they may not otherwise, using critical thinking skills. Kelly states that, according to neuroscience, there is a cognitive gain from the process of preparing information for presentation to others.

Writing in the digital environment requires different expectations from the instructor, but it is still presentation of material. In order to be an effective learning activity, it must require collaboration among students. This means that students must be taught how to work with others online, how to become a community of practice ? not just a social network. Calling on the expertise of others is an important skill that students can and should learn through these projects. By using Web 2.0 to ?make history? that can be seen by a larger audience rather than just writing a paper to be read by the instructor, students have the opportunity to engage with others beyond the classroom walls. Kelly asserts that a more active approach to history learning will result in students who not only know about history but understand it. He refers to Wiggins and McTighe?s ?backwards design? approach, which is actually the creation of higher order learning objectives for what students will learn and be able to do.

One of Kelly?s major concerns is that students can and do use digital media. He contends that it is up to educators to help them use it in a way that enhances their educational experience, in a way that is fun, comfortable, and familiar to them while giving them the critical thinking skills to use it appropriately in historical (or other) contexts so that they become historians themselves and not just consumers of historical facts. For example, he explains that students who create their own blogs, rather than blogs that begin and end with a course, are more engaged with them. It not only gives them the chance to document their work with links, videos, etc. but also the opportunity to interact with others in the creation and maintenance of their projects. He also?points out that a by-product of the use of technology is that it provides students with prompts, links, etc. that can help them develop better analytical reading strategies.

After reading these two books, I am convinced that I need to rethink how I am teaching my students if I want them to be 21st century educators. This type of open-ended teaching will turn off those students who want to be traditional teachers. However, if word gets out that teaching really is cool, up-to-date, and creative, we might attract a new breed of teachers who can and do think outside the box and are able to educate students who do more than score well on standardized tests.

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Source: http://etcjournal.com/2013/05/16/teaching-history-in-the-digital-age-call-for-a-new-breed-of-teachers/

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